The best diesel I ever used, which resulted in a 40km gain out of the tank of fuel, was from a BP servo which sold the proper BP Ultimate diesel.
The original BP Ultimate diesel was actually a blend, although I could never find out the exact ratios, or the exact ingredients. What I was able to find out though is that it was a blend of regular refinery grade diesel, animal fat-derived bio-diesel and a new thing called GTL diesel. It produced less smoke, better fuel economy and more power, unfortunately it was only on a trial basis here in Australia as we dodn't have the sheer volumes of diesel vehicles to justify the price of the GTL diesel.
GTL is short for Gas To Liquid technology. It is done in few places around the world, generally in the horribly poorer nations in Africa due to the expense involved in it. To put it in laymans terms, it means turning LNG, or Liquid Natural Gas into a very, very pure form of diesel, much better than that which is derived from crude oil. It has a higher cetane rating and combusts much cleaner without all the other nasties generally associated with crude derived diesel.
Unfortunately there are 3 limiting factors to it's introduction:
1) It doesn't have high lubricity properties
2) The plants to manufactue it are VERY expensive to set up
3) The only cost effective places to set up the operations, are generally in poor, civil-war ravaged countries with access to natural gas reserves.
To give you all an idea, Shell ran it in it's Le Mans racing program in the R10 TDi as a blend, i think at 20% ratio.
This stuff can also be produced from Bio-Gas, so diesels really are the most environmentally friendly ignition engines
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