The charcoal canister is a common issue on the Mk5/Mk6 Golf platform. I had to replace the charcoal canister on my Mk6 GTI due to a similar error to yours (cant remember the actual error because it was about 4 years ago, but it would come and go occasionally and was related to EVAP issues).
I bought a new canister from China for about $30 and problem solved. Cant recall the VW price but it was stupid expensive for what it is, so took a gamble on a Chinese canister and it worked fine for me.
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