My understanding is that Volkswagen (as opposed to Volkswagen Group Australia) specify the use of (as opposed to recommend) one or several VW oil standards, depending on the vehicle itself.
For a Mk5 Golf GTI, Volkswagen specifies 502.00 if on the Time & Distance service regime (fixed 15 000 km / 1 year service interval) or 504.00 if on the LongLife service regime (variable service intervals, maximum of 30 000 km or 2 years).
504.00 can be used in place of 502.00 for vehicles on the Time & Distance service regime (except for certain markets, e.g. China), but the service interval remains fixed at 15 000 or 1 year.
I personally recommend the use of 504.00 in VW direct injection petrol engines where possible, but that is my own opinion.
Volkswagen do not recommend a specific viscosity grade. Allowable viscosity grades are determined by specification sheet of the relevant VW oil standard.
For instance, VW oil standard 502.00 allows several viscosity grades: 10W-40, 5W-40, 0W-40, 5W-30, 0W-30. In contrast, the specification sheet for VW oil standard 504.00 only allows 5W-30 so far, but like any OEM oil standard, this is subject to change at any time.
On the subject of oil consumption, over the years I have noted posts on various VW forums reporting varying degrees of success: from complete elimination, to some or little reduction, or just no change at all, when using different viscosity grades. I suspect it is a matter of trial and error in most instances.
You may also want to consider investigating if the valve cover has suffered from internal damage from what appears to be a very poorly engineered design: VWvortex - FSI Extreme Oil Consumption -- Wits end
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